1857 PHONAUTOGRAPHE
Leon Scott de Martinville create the Phonautographe and record for the first time a sound on a spinning cylinder.

1887 FLAT-DISC GRAMOPHONE
Emile Berliner patents a flat-disc gramophone, making multiple copies possible.

1888 ELECTRIC PHONOGRAPH
Edison makes the electric motor- driven phonograph.

1913 KINETOPHONE
Edison demonstrates a “talking movie” with the Kinetophone process, a cylinder player mechanically syncchronized to a film projector.

1921 COMMERCIAL AM RADIO
The first commercial AM radio is publicly broadcast from KDKA in Pittsburgh PA.

1925 ELECTRIC RECORDING
First electric recording with a microphone by the company Victor.

1927 THE JAZZ SINGER
Vitaphone sound on disks synchro- nized with film goes commercial with “The Jazz Singer”

1929 NYQUIST THEOREM
Harry Nyquist publishes “Nyquist Theorem”, the theorem basic to digital audio processing.

1941 FM BROADCASTING
Commercial FM broadcasting begins in the U.S

1948 AES
The Audio Engineering Society (AES) is formed.

1955 ANALOG RECORDERS
Ampex commercialize the first analog multitrack recorders, used by Les Paul and The Beattles